Citation Hub for Dissertation Writers

Complete guides for every major citation style used in dissertations and theses — from APA for social sciences to Vancouver for health sciences. Learn the format, see examples, cite correctly.

Most-Used Dissertation Styles

The citation styles most used in graduate research

APA dominates education, psychology, nursing, and business dissertations. Harvard and Chicago are common in the UK and humanities/social sciences. Vancouver and AMA serve health sciences. Choose your discipline below.

Education, Psychology, Business

APA 7th Edition

Author-date system. The most common style for education, psychology, nursing, and business dissertations.

General / Social Sciences

Author-date system popular in UK universities across social sciences, humanities, and management.

Health Sciences & Nursing

Numbered citation system used in nursing, medicine, and health sciences dissertations. Sequential superscript numbers.

Medical & Health

American Medical Association style. Used for medical and nursing dissertations, case studies, and clinical research.

MLA 9th Edition

Used primarily in humanities and literature dissertations.

History & Social Sciences

Notes-bibliography or author-date system. Used in history, philosophy, and social science dissertations.

Graduate Papers

A simplified version of Chicago, widely used for theses and dissertations across disciplines.

Engineering & CS

The standard for engineering and computer science dissertations. Numbered references in square brackets.

More Styles

Additional citation guides

APA In-Text Citations

How to cite within the body of your dissertation using APA author-date format.

Oxford University Standard for Citation of Legal Authorities. For law dissertations and theses.

Modern Humanities Research Association style. Footnote-based referencing for humanities dissertations.

How to Cite a Website

Citing online sources across APA, Harvard, MLA, Chicago and more.

How to Cite a Journal Article

Journal citations in all major styles — the most common source type in a literature review.

How to Cite a Book

Book citations across APA, Harvard, MLA, Chicago, IEEE and Vancouver.

How to Cite a Dissertation

Citing theses and dissertations from ProQuest, institutional repositories, and direct sources.

How to Avoid Plagiarism

Paraphrasing, quoting, and citing correctly. Critical for every dissertation chapter.

Need help with citations on your dissertation?

Our experts cite every source correctly in the style your institution requires.

Start My Dissertation →